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Winston-Salem 



Sloitli Carolina 



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Cbe Jlatural (Stograpl)tcaI (JJatetoap 



FROM THE 



Coal Fields of Virginia, Ohio, and Pennsylvania, 
the Grain and Meat Markets of the North- 
west to the South Atlantic and Gulf 
States and Panama Canal 



ILLUSTRATIONS SELECTED AND FACTS COMPILED AND WRITTEN 

BY 

COL. G. Webb and L. e. norryce 



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Authorized and Endorsed by the Directors of the Board of Trade 7 J' j 

and Endorsed by the Aldermen and Commissioners 
of IVinston-Salem 



SIFT 

J. D, HAINSS, 
JUN 3 I9IU 



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COMPANY 



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INS'l'ON 

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L I N A 




INSTON-SALEM is situated in the north central portion of North Carolina, within fifty miles 
of the main range of the Blue Ridge Mountains, in what is known as the tobacco region of 
the State. It lies midway and on a direct line between the splendidly developed industrial 
markets of the Northeast, the grain and meat markets of the Northwest and the rapidly grow- 
ing markets of the South. It is most favorably located for immediate and wonderful devel- 
opment. Its geographical position makes it the most logical gateway from the North to the 
South Atlantic States and the shortest and most natural route for the great export trade 



which will most surely follow the opening of the Panama Canal. 

From Winston-Salem through Virginia 
into Ohio and Pennsylvania extends the 
Norfolk & Western Railway system, and 
to the Northeast and Southwest through 
this city extends the Southern Railway 
system. Directly to the South, not over 
a distance of ninety miles, are the main 
lines of the Seaboard Air Line and the 
Atlantic Coast Line. These with their 
branches and connections penetrate 
every market of importance in the South 
Atlantic and Gulf States. With respect 
to these four great railway systems, Win- 
ston-Salem occupies a geographical posi- 
tion which forces the conviction that it 
is destined to become, in the rapid de- 
velopment now taking place, one of the 
most important cities of the South. 

CLIMATE AND ALTITUDE. THE 

MOST HEALTHY LOCALITY 

IN THE UNITED STATES. 

THE PEOPLE. 

Winston-Salem is two hundred miles 
inland from the sea, in the Piedmont 




section, at an altitude of nearly one 
thousand feet. The climate is dry and 
healthy. Few cities in America can be 
found with the same climatic advantages. 
The Government Census Bureau recently 
selected a strip of country which showed 
the best health record of any portion of 
the United States and in which the death 
rate was the lowest. The report stated 
that this .strip of country was in North 
Carolina and it embraces the location 
of Winston-Salem. 

The temperature in summer seldom 
rises above ninety degrees, or falls below 
twenty degrees in winter. The annual 
rainfall approximates very closely forty- 
eight inches. The fall season is perhaps 
the most delightful in the United States. 

The people of Winston-Salem are quiet 
and religious, cultured and refined, gen- 
erous and hospitable, and intensely 
energetic. Idleness is almost entirely 
unknown, and as a result prosperity and 
happiness characterize the entire citizen- 
ship. The population of Winston-Salem 
is twenty-two thousand. 



CHARACTER OF SOIL. AGRICULTURAL PRODUCTS. 

The farm lands of Forsyth and adjoining counties are highly productive. The subsoil is red clay with 
occasional gray sandy loam. They are peculiarly adapted to the production of the rich mahogany tobaccos, 
which are regarded as the finest in America for the manufacture of chewing tobacco. But corn, wheat, oats, 
rye, and almost every vegetable known are easily produced and yield abundantly. 

MUNICIPAL GOVERNMENT. 



There are few cities in the South with a more thoroughly systematized, broad-minded and liberal admin- 
istration than Winston-Salem. It is characterized by the absence of unnecessary ordinances, and the result is 




obedience to law, contentment and prosperity. The tax rate of the city is $i 
has a thoroughly efficient police department, a splendid fire department, as 
he found in the South, a splendid city market and with every department o 
and economically administered 

The growth of the Twin 
years has been remark- 
cent modern Court-House 
old building ; immense fac- 
sale and retail business 
church spires reach up 
parts of the city ; magnifi- 
lawns have been built; 
vines have been planted; 
the streets have been 
electric lights and electric 
installed and altogether 
one of the best -governed 
in the South. 

AT NISSENS FAP.H 



fTD^R /^\yE:^-lOE . W^3T VIEIW. 



oo per Si CO of property. The city 

fine a water supply system as can 

f the municipality most judiciously 




City for the past fifteen 
ably rapid. A magnifi- 
has taken the place of the 
tories and blocks of whole- 
houses have been erected ; 
through trefled trees in all 
cent homes with beautiful 
trees and flowers and 
parks have been made; 
paved and macadamized ; 
street railways have been 
Winston-Salem is perhaps 
and most beautiful cities 



THE CHURCHES AND CHRISTIAN INFLUENCES. 

The progressive people of this city are not unmindful of their spiritual welfare, and the religious edifices 
they have erected are in keeping, in point of excellence, with the magnificent factories and homes they have 
built. The denominations represented here are as follows: 

Moravian, five; Methodist, four; Presbyterian, two; Baptist, five; Protestant Methodist, one; Episcopal, one; 
Lutheran, one; Roman Catholic, one. 

The colored people have eleven churches, difTerent denominations, some of which are splendid edifices, 

costing from $10,000 to $15,000 each. 

The Young Men's Christian Association of this city is 
in a flourishing condition and is one of the strongest in 
the State. It is managed by a board of representative 
business men, and the work is conducted on the most 
progressive and up-to-date lines, and it is under the per- 
sonal supervision of competent secretaries. The equip- 
ment is thoroughly modern, consisting of educational 
class rooms, reading and reception rooms, gymnasium 
and bathrooms. P. A. Colbert is chief secretary. 

SECRET AND FRATERNAL ORDERS. 

The fraternal orders in this city are all in a flourish- 
ing condition and several maintain more than one lodge. 
They are: 

Masonic; Winston Lodge and Piedmont Commandery 
MASONIC TEMPLE Knights Tcmplars ; Knights of Pythias; Independent 

Order of Odd Fellows; Knights of Honor; Knights and Ladies of Honor; Junior Order United American 
Mechanics; Improved Order Red Men; B. P. O. Elks; The Eagles. 




PART OF THE CITY-VIEW FROM THE WEST 



There is a Ministerial Association in this city. It is composed of the ministers of the various denominations 
of Winston and Salem. Regular meetings are held at which the spiritual welfare of the entire community is 
discussed and plans formulated for aggressive ministerial work. As a result of the work of this Association 
a vast deal of good is accomplished, and there exists a spirit of friendliness among all denominations scarcely 
to be found in any other city. 

EDUCATIONAL ADVANTAGES. COLLEGES AND SCHOOLS. 



Salem Academy and College 

young women and girls in 
in America except two. 
educational institution in 
never been closed since 
is drawn, practically, from 
register shows an attend- 
pupils; an average of one 
year of its existence. It 
principles, but deeply re- 
work. The matriculation 
and six hundred pupils. 

Salem Boys' School. — 
fitting school, but the 
and the course of study is 
equip the students for the 



-Dr. J. H. Clewell, principal. 




AT NISSEN'S PARK 



This is the oldest school for the education of 
the South, and the oldest 
It opened its doors as an 
1802, and the school has 
that time. Its patronage 
all of the States, and the 
ance of more than 1 1 ,000 
hundred new names each 
is non-sectarian in its 
ligious in its methods of 
last year was between five 

This is in the nature of a 
standards are very high 
designed to thoroughly 
duties of life. The at- 



tendance is very large. 

City Public School. — ^This is perhaps one of the largest public schools, not a graded school, in the State. 
The average attendance is three hundred boys and girls. 

The City's Graded Schools. — These represent three schools for white pupils and one for negro pupils. The 
standard in every department in all 
these schools is very high, and pupils 
graduated are sufficiently advanced to 
enter the business ranks. In one of 
the schools is a commercial department, 
teaching stenography, typewriting and 
bookkeeping. The enrollment in these 
schools shows, whites, one thousand and 
ninety-eight; colored, seven hundred and 
six. 

Slater Industrial and State Normal 
School. — One of the three Normal 
schools of North Carolina for the educa- 
tion of the colored race. This school is 
for the education of negroes. The man- 
agement of the school is under the direc- 
tion of a board of leading white citizens 
of this city and in other States and S. G. 
Atkins, colored principal of the school. 
The matriculation last year was three 
hundred and fifty pupils. Reports from 
this school show that it is doing a splendid work in educating and training young negroes. 




HOME MORAVIAN CHURCH 




Y. M. C. A. Night School. — This Association is aiding 
materially in educating the young men who, from necessity, 
are forced to work during the day. There were twenty- 
five young men enrolled in this school last year. 

In addition to the schools above enumerated there 
are several private schools. 

The total enrollment in all the schools, including the 
Salem Female Academy and the Slater Industrial School, 
approximates four thousand pupils. 

THE CITY'S BANKS, FINANCES, POST-OFFICE AND 
INTERNAL REVENUE DEPARTMENT. 



FISH PONDS AND SPRINGS AT NISSEN'S PARK 



There are four banks in Winston-Salem, and in 
resources and deposits they lead the banks of any other city in North Carolina. The aggregate of resources 
is $5,723,386.95; the aggregate of deposits is $4,371,304.39. 

This indicates that there is no lack of capital to encourage any enterprise of merit that meets the approval 
of the business men of the community. The four banks are as follows: 

Wachovia Loan & Trust Company. — (Report June 15, 1905), total of resources, $4,024,513.18; deposits, 

«3. 345. 778. 69. 

Peoples National Bank. — (Report May 29, 1905), resources, $672,752.59; deposits, $482,022.95. 
Wachovia National Bank. — (Report May 29, 1905), resources, $818,744.02 ; deposits, $452,077.73. 
Piedmont Savings Bank. — (Report May 29, 1905), resources $207,377.16: deposits, $91,425.02. 




ARISTA COTTON MILLS. SOUTH SIDE 



THE POST-OFFICE BUSINESS. 



There is nothing that shows more plainly the growth and development of a city than does the business of 
the Post-ofifice. 

In 1894 the receipts of Winston-Salem's Post-office were $30,209.39. For the year ending March 31, 1905, 
eleven years later, the receipts aggregated $62,725.70. 

In addition to the Postmaster and one assistant there are fourteen clerks, twelve city carriers, seven R. F. D. 
carriers and six Railway Postal Clerks. Thus it can be seen that in eleven years the receipts of the Post-office 
in this city have more than doubled and that the increase in the force has been almost trebled. 



INTERNAL REVENUE DEPARTMENT U. S. A. 




The branch office of the United States Treasury 
Department, located in this city, received in revenues for 
tobacco, spirits, and cigars for the year ending July i, 1905, 
the sum of $1,984,683.17. ' 

RAILROAD FACILITIES, FREIGHT TRAFFIC AND 
PASSENGER ACCOMMODATIONS. 

Winston-Salem is situated on two of the principal rail- 
way systems entering the South, the Southern and the 
Norfolk & Western. The freight stations here of these two 
systems are now handling per annum on an average of 
252,000 cars, transfer and local. Of these, 50,400 are 
local cars loaded in and loaded out of the citv. The cash 



SWIMMING POOL AT NISSEN'S PARK 




receipts at these stations lor freight charges closely approxi- 
mate $624,000 ])er annum or $12,500 ])cr week. This does 
not include freight shi])pcd collect. 

PASSENGER FACILITIES. 

Winston-Salem has three ])asscnger trains daily with 
Pullman service, connecting with the main line of the 
Southern, the Seaboard Air Line, and Atlantic Coast Line; 
two trains daily from Charlotte, N. C, to Roanoke, Va.; 
one train daily to and from WilkesVjoro, N. C, via the South- 
ern Railway; one train daily to and from Roanoke, Va., 
via the Norfolk & Western Railway ; one train daily to and 

from Mt. Airy, via the Southern Railway and one train daily to and from Charlotte, N. C, via the Southern 
Railway. 

The total number of passenger trains arriving and dejjarting daily is eighteen, and in addition there are a 
number of freight trains carrying passengers — accommodation freights. 

Sixteen passenger trains arriving and departing daily bring and carry mail. In addition to the above 
railway facilities it has been determined to build an Electric Railway System from this city to High Point, a 
distance of twenty-two miles, connecting with the main line of the Southern Railway. Work on this electric 
line has already begun. It has also been determined to build a steam railway line a distance of ninety-three 
miles, to Wadesboro, and connecting with the Seaboard Air Line and Atlantic Coast Line at that ])oint and the 
Norfolk & Western at Winston-Salem. This road when completed will give the most direct route from the coal 



AT NISSEN'S PARK 




BIRDSEYE VIEW OF C. F. NISSEN'S WAGON FACTORY 



fields ot \'irginia, Ohio and Pennsylvania to the ;\tlantic Ocean. This road will be known as the South Bound 
Railway. All the money necessary to make its building an assured fact has Ijcen raised. 

DIVERSIFIED INDUSTRIES, EMPLOYING THOUSANDS, AND ANNUALLY TURNING MILLIONS OF DOL- 
LARS INTO THE CHANNELS OF TRADE. 



There are many diversified industries in Winston-Salem, every one of which is prospering and they are 
turning into the channels of trade, by payments to their employees, several millions of dollars per year, several 
thousands of dollars per day. These industries are furnishing means of a competent and comfortable living for 
their operatives, a lucrative business for the mer- 
chants of the city and are aiding very materially in j^^^^ _L . f^ 
enriching the farmers of the county. 

TOBACCO MANUFACTURE -LEAF AND STEMS. 

The chief manufacturing industry of this city is 
that of tobacco, and in this Winston-Salem leads the 
world in the manufacture of chewing tobacco or 
"flat goods." Over thirty-one million pounds 
(31,000.000) are manufactured yearly. It is sold 
principally in the Southern States, yielding an enor- 
mous yearly income, furnishes a means of liveHhood 
to hundreds of families and gives to the producer of 
leaf tobacco a strong, steady market at all times. 




:>RACE CHURCH-METHODIST 




Ill 
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While more than 31 ,000,000 pounds 01 tobacco 
arc manufactured in Winston-Salem, not more than 
20,000,000 pounds of leaf are sold from wagons. 
The demand for leaf is about 13,000,000 pounds 
greater than the supply. This fact carries with it 
the evidence that tobacco raising in all of the 
counties, having Winston-Salem for a market, is 
and will continue to be profitable for many years 
to come. 

For the 18,028,976 pounds of leaf tol.iacco sold 
in this market last year the four warehouses of the 
citv paid to the farmers $1,443,670.72, an average 
of 8.01 cents per pound. The excess of leaf to- 
bacco (averaging 13,000,000 pounds) manufactured each year is bought in remote markets and shijjped to 
this city by rail. Those engaged in the manufacture of tobacco are: 






ARISTA COTTON MILLS 




VIRGINIA-CAROLINA CHEMICAL WORKS 



TOBACCO MANUFACTURERS. 

Brown & Williamson, manufacturing plug. The largest independent fiat-plug tobacco manufacturers in 
the United States. Their leading brands are "Kite," "Golden Grain," "Sweet and Juicy," "JBlood Hound," 

"Brown and Williamson's Best," "Maginty 
Twist," and "Brown and Williamson's Sun Cured." 

R. J. Reynolds Tobacco Co., manufacturing 
plug tobacco. 

Liipfert-Scales Co., manufacturing both smok- 
ing and plug. 

Taylor Brothers, manufacturing twist and plug. 

Whitaker-Harvey Co., manufacturing plug. 

Ogburn, Hill & Co., manufacturing plug. 

Bailey Brothers, manufacturing plug. 

M. L. Ogburn & Co., manufacturing plug. 

F. M. Bohanon, manufacturing plug. 

LEAF DEALERS. 
Sterling Smith & Co. ; Currin & Coleman Bros. 




TOBACCO STEMS. 

B. J. Shepperd & Co. This firm exports prin- 
cipally. 

Cigar manufacturers are: 

A. R. Bennett & Co. and Dr. V. 0. Thompson. 

TOBACCO WAREHOUSES. 

The leaf tobaeeo is unloaded from wagons 
into warehouses and sold at auction to the dealers. 
There are four of these warehouses in Winston- 
Salem, as follows: 

Piedmont Warehouse ; Brown's Warehouse ; 
Farmers' Warehouse ; Star Warehouse. 

The aggregate floor area of these four warehouses is 80,000 sciuare feet and there is furnished, in addition, 
stall room for twelve hundred horses and mules. 

The number of employees engaged in the tobacco business, manufacturing and handling leaf, is five thousand 
four hundred and eighteen. 




IVlrtUliNC IVJILU^ L.U. 




VIRGINIA-CAROLINA CHEMICAL WORKS 



COTTON MANUFACTURERS— COTTON, WOOLEN AND KNITTING MILLS. 

Not many miles lie between Winston-Salem and the cotton fields, and with characteristic thrift the people 
of this city, a number of years Ijack, turned their attention to the manufacture of cotton and woolen cloth, and 
more recently to the knitting of frame-spun and mule-spun 
yams into underwear and hosiery. These cotton and wool 
industries are as follows: 

Arista Mills Company. Operating two mills, which 
have an aggregate of 15,936 spindles and 368 looms. 

F. & H. Fries. — Established in 1S40 for the manufac- 
ture of woolen jeans and have been in continuous operation 
since that date. 

The mills engaged in the manufacture of underwear 
and hosiery are: 

P. H. Hanes Knitting Co., manufacturing men's under- 
wear. 

Maline Mills, manufacturing ladies' and misses' under- 
wear. 

. -- . - ■> - «Ksaft.* 

FORSYTH ROLLER MILLS 
II 









WAGON FACTORY OF GEO E. NISSEN & CO. 



Shamrock Mills and The Carolina Mills, manufacturing liosiery. 

These knitting mills manufacture six thousand dozen pairs of hose per week and five thousand seven hun- 
dred dozen of fine ribbed underwear per week for men, women and children. 

The above mills give steady employment to more than one thousand operatives, and there is still a demand 
for additional labor at satisfactory prices. 

THE MANUFACTURE OF FURNITURE AND AVAIL- 
ABILITY OF TIMBERS USED. 

In no other State in the Union grows such a variety 
of woods, both hard and soft, as North Carolina, and 
Winston-Salem is located in and near the very finest of 
this wooded section. The native forest growth is of the 
V)est quality of all varieties of oaks, elms, and some others 
suitable for furniture manufacture, many reaching a 
great size. It will take years to exhaust the present 
supply lying almost at the very doors of the manufac- 
tories, even with many times the number at present 
engaged in this industry. The following are factories 
already established and in operation in this cit)': 

United States Veneer Company. This plant is operating the very latest invention in veneer-making machinery. 
Salem Parlor Furniture Company, manufacturing lounges, couches and parlor furniture. 
Oakland Manufacturing Company, manufacturing a general line of furniture. 
Winston Furniture Company, manufacturers of desks. 
Forsyth Chair Company, manufacturers of chairs — rockers. 

Forsyth Iron Bed Company, manufacturers of brass 

and iron bedsteads. 

Forsyth Furniture Company, manufacturers of a general 
line of furniture. 

Forsyth Manufacturing Company, manufacturing 
chairs. 

These furniture manufacturing industries employ 
nearly six hundred operatives. 

The volume of business done by retail furniture deal- 
ers and undertakers will approximate $250,000 per annum, 
giving employment to about fifty people. Prominent 
among these dealers are : 

Huntley-Hill-Stockton Company and A. C. Vogler & 
Sons. 

WACHOVIA FLOUR AND GRIST MILL 12 






V/AOKrM RIVETR D/3i/A,MND POna/ER MOUSE 

EXTENSIVE WAGON MANUFACTORIES. 

The excellent quality of white oak and hickory timber that grows in this section of North Carolina is exactly 
suited to the manufacture of wagons, and as early as 1834 this industry was Ijegun. The factory then estab- 
lished is now the most prosperous perhaps in the State. There is now invested in ])lants for the manufacture 
of wagons in this city and suburbs very close to $350,000. The firm names of these industries are as follows: 

Geo. E. Nissen & Company; C. F. Nissen & Company; Spach Brothers; Nissen & Roan; F. C. Meinung 
and White & Barnes. The product of these industries is sold principally in North and South Carolina and 

the Virginias, and to some extent in many other States. 

OTHER WOOD-WORKING INDUSTRIES. 

Salem Excelsior Company and Twin City Wood Com- 
pany, operating excelsior plants. 

J. E. Shelton Box Company, manufacturing tobacco 
boxes, and The Winston Handle Company. 

WINSTON-SALEM MACHINE SHOPS. 

These have won an enviable reputation in the mar- 
kets of the world for the manufacture of wood-working 
machinery, textile machinery, saw mills, cigarette-making machines, dyeing machines, clean-air machines 
(humidifyers), steam mills and the like. Those engaged in these indu.stries are: 

Salem Iron Works, saw mills, wood-working machinery, etc. 

J. A. Vance & Company, wood-working machinery. 

Winston Cigarette Machine Company, manufacturing the only patent cigarette machine. 

W. B. Cooke & Company, iron and brass foundry. 

The Crawford Plumbing & Mill Supply Company. 

L. B. Brickenstein, plumbing, tin, slate and gravel 
roofing. 

Winston Mill Supply Company, boilers, engines, wood- 
working machinery, etc. 

Briggs-Shaffner Company, inventors and operating ex- 
jierimental machine shops. 

American Aquahoist Company, manufacturers of pumps. 

These industries employ about two hundred and 
twenty-five people. 

WINSTON-SALEM'S FERTILIZER FACTORIES. 

Virginia-Carolina Chemical Company Branch. Output 
per annum, 35,000 tons, or about 3,500 cars. U 



•3 





i RESIDCMCE Of^ DISTRICT MTTOONCY, e «* . HOL-TOFM 



Ho/vvE or OEO. c.NisserM 




'5'*%'e«'C<CE OF. Ga.*Cv«.P:Bi,t:s 



RE3IOCNCE OF" THE: U/OkTE: JOHN W. MANE&. 




Union Guano Company. Capacity 25,000 tons annually, or aliout 2,500 cars, 
about two hundred and thirty men. 

FLOUR AND MEAL MILLS. 



These two industries employ 



The soil throughout this tobacco region is well adapted to the raising of wheat, corn and other grain, and 
there are few farmers who do not raise, in addition to fine 
tobacco crops, sufficient wheat and corn to supply their 
respective farms and have a surplus for market. As a 
result flour and grist mills in Winston-Salem pay satisfac- 
tory dividends. The market here is always firm for wheat 
and corn, and residents of this city are very largely sup- 
plied with ffour made from home-grown wheat. The mills 
of Winston-Salem are : 

Forsyth Roller Mills, capacity two hundred barrels of 
flour and two hundred bushels of meal per day. 

Wachovia Mills, capacity one hundred barrels of flour 
and two hundred bushels of meal per day. 

Spach Brothers, fifty barrels of flour per day. 




TWO STALLS IN THE MARKET. W. F. SNIPES & CO. 



— .1|r :•'«?!.. 




ELECTRIC PLANT AND STREET CAR 
SERVICE. 

Fries Manufacturing Power Company. 

This company owns and operates the street 
railway system, furnishes electrical power for 
lighting the city, and for the cotton mills and 
many smaller industries. Ten miles of street 
railway are operated for passengers and 
freight. A ten -minute schedule is main- 
tained and the service is considered second 
to none in the South. This company main- 
tains two plants, one on the Yadkin river, a 
distance of fourteen miles, and one in the city 
where the power is generated by steam. The 
latter is maintained principally as a safeguard 
against accident. 



C. M. THOMAS & CO. COAL CHUTE 



16 



COAL AND ICE, 

These important 
branches of Imsiness 
give employment to 
a very large number 
of people. The ice 
manufactured is suf- 
ficient to supply the 
demands of the city 
and to aid materially 
in supplying adjacent 
markets. The firms 
prominent in these 
two branches of busi- 
ness are: 

C. M. Thomas & 
Company, and Major 
J. G. Young, coal. 




CLEAR-WATER BASIN, NEW WATER PLANT 



THE BUILDING TRADE -THOSE WHO ERECT OUR FACTORIES, STOREROOMS AND DWELLINGS. 

Under this head is included contractors and builders, woodworkers, bricklayers and mortar-workers ' and 
mdeed all engaged m the building industry. Fully five hundred and twenty men are so employed regularly, 

to whom is paid weekly, approximately, $4,500. Among 
the principal contractors are: 

Fogle Bros. Company. This firm has been in business 
in this city thirty-five years. 

Miller Bros., Incorporated. This is an old and well- 
established finn. 

Smith-Philipps Lumber Company, manufacturers of 
building material. 

BUILDING OUTLOOK FOR THE PRESENT 
YEAR (1905). 




SPACH BROS. WAGON FACTORY AND FLOUR MILL 



The number of buildings erected in this city during 
the year 1904 was three hundred and twelve These 
buildings were of all classes, and there was of course during the year a considerable amount of remodeling 

I' or the present year it is conservatively estimated 
that $500,000 will be expended in the erection of new ' ' ' ' ' 

buildings in this city. Of these are an elegant hotel at a 

cost of $100,000; a Masonic temple $100,000; a Government ...^t 

building $60,000 ; a memorial hall $30,000, and a number of 
new storerooms now in course of construction. 



BUILDING AND LOAN ASSOCLATIONS. 

There are three Building and Loan Associations in the 
Twin City, two operated by the white people and one 
operated by the negroes. All are in a prosperous condition 
and have aided materially not only in adding many beauti- 
ful residences to the city, but in making it possible for 
many laboring people of moderate circumstances to own 
their own homes. 

WHOLESALE HOUSES, COMMISSION AND 
JOBBING MERCHANTS. 

The location in a city of a large number of wholesale 
houses and commission merchants is the very best evi- 



17 







NEW BUILDING OF A. F. MESSICK GROCERY CO. 




VIRGINIA-CAROLINA CHEMICAL WORKS 



dence of Efood shi])ping; facilities and a promising outlook for future growth and development. It is also an 
evidence of the proximity of a number of prosperous markets. But the demand that brings a satisfactory 
business to the eighteen or twenty wholesale dealers in this city is not confined to near-by markets but comes 
from all parts of the United States and Europe for the products of our cotton mills, knitting mills, machine shops, 
furniture factories and the like. Among the wholesale merchants of this city are: 

Gilmer Bros. Company, manufacturers' agents, commission and livokerage merchants. Handling Southeni- 



made cotton goods, hosiery, under- 
wear, piece goods and the like. 

Marler - Dalton - Gilmer Com- 
pany, wholesale dry goods and 
notions. 

Jenkins Bros. Shoe Company, 
boots and shoes. 

Vaughn & Company, wholesale 
grocers. 

J. J. Norman & Company, 
wholesale grocers. 

J. M. Taylor, wholesale grocer. 

A. F. Messick Grocery Com- 
pany, A. F. Messick, President. 

E. R. Messick, wholesale grocer. 

Cromer Bros. & Company, 
wholesale grocers. 

Brown-Rogers Co., wholesale 
and retail dealers in hardware and 
agricultural implements. 

Forsyth Hardware Company, 
wholesale and retail dealers in 
hardware and agricultural imple- 
ments. 

Wall & Huske, wholesale and 
retail dealers in hardware, agricul- 
tural implements, buggies, car- 
riages and wagons. 






m.'^^ 




HORScs or riRC co number 2. 




imgime: F\Na mor£jE:s of rrRE: CO. No. I 




N. G. Fletcher Company, job- 
bers in clothing and gents' furnish- 
ing goods. 

W. T. Vogler & Son, wholesale 
and retail jewelers and opticians. 

Hine & Shipley, wholesale sad- 
dlery and harness. 

J. H. Fletcher, wholesale milli- 
nery and notions. 

The Lick Company, manufac- 
turers of proprietary articles. 

Watt Martin, tobacco manu- 
facturers' supplies and advertising 
signs. 

Frank S. Verney, merchandise 
broker. 

H. A. Nading, wholesale foreign 
and domestic notions and agents 
for Southern Mills. 

Click-Rierson Company, whole- 
sale sellers of merchandise direct 
from factory to buyer. Mail order 
business. 

These wholesale jobbers and 
commission merchants employ 
about two hundred and twenty- 
five people. 



5CENE. IN TBONT OF BROWNb ToeACCO WflRC- 
_______C1QUSE (ylftlN STREIEX. ^ — — 




WHOLESALE AND RETAIL DRUGS AND PATENT MEDICINES. 

The wholesale and retail drug business of Winston-Salem, including the manufacture of proprietary reme- 
dies and patent medicines, is of considerable volume. In this line are: 

Checkers Medicine Company, manufacturers of proprietary remedies and patent medicines. The floor area 

of this factory is nearly loo,- 



ooo square feet, and one hun- 
dred people are employed. 

Vaughn, Crutchfield Com- 
pany, wholesale and manu- 
facturing druggists. 

Owen's Drug Company, 
wholesale and retail. P. J. 
Brame, president. 

Dr. V. O. Thompson, 
wholesale and retail druggist. 

The firms engaged in the 
retail drug business exclu- 
sively are: 

E. W. O'Hanlan; J. F. 
Shaffner; Lanquist & Pfohl; 
H. P. Watson & Co., and the 
Jones Drug Co. (colored). 
One hundred and sixty-two 
people are employed in this 
branch of business. 




RETAIL STORES. 

There is a very large 
number of elegant stores, rep- 
resenting all lines of business. 
Prominent among these are 
two immense department 
stores, carrying enormous 
stocks of clothing, dry goods 
and notions, millinery, shoes 
and, indeed, every article 
usually found in such estab- 
lishments. These department 
stores are owned, respectively, 
by D. D. Schouler and Rosen- 
bacher Bros. Each employs 
;i very large force of compe- 
tent clerks. The volume of 
business of each approximates 
S 2 50,000 to $300,000 per an- 
num. 




AA/MN AND THIRD CTREETS, WMCHC5V/lr\ 



Prominent among the dry goods stores is A. Dave 
& Co. They do a large volume of business. Promi- 
nent among the dealers in clothing and men's fur- 
nishing goods is N. L. Cranford & Co., and the Win- 
ston Clothing Co. Prominent among the shoe dealers 
are J. L. Lashmitt, Frank C. Brown and Neely & 
Crute. 

The retail stores, not including small retail deal- 
ers, employ no less than six hundred clerks. 

WINSTON-SALEM'S WATER SUPPLY. 

The water supply of Winston-Salem is ample for 
a population of 100,000 people, and expert analysis 
shows the water to be practically ])ure. Winston and 
Salem each has a water supply plant recently com- 
pleted and each is equipped with the most modern 
machinery. The two systems are connected and in 
case of fire or accident either can render the other all 
necessary assistance. 

THE TWIN CITY FIRE DEPARTMENT. 

The equipment for fighting fire in the Twin City 
is most excellent and is as follows : 

One hundred and ten men, paid and volunteer. 
Five steamers, two hook-and-ladder trucks; four hose 
reels for horses; two hand reels; twelve horses and, 
approximately, five thousand feet of hose. The 
Gamewell Electric Alarm system is used throughout 
the Twin City. 

CITY MARKET. 

Winston-Salem maintains a large and scrupu- 
loush' clean meat market, with a clerk, weigher and 
inspector, who is invested with police authority , and 
he is required to make monthly reports to a market 
committee appointed from the Board of Aldermen. 
Not a pound of meat is allowed to be sold in the city 
until it has been inspected and pronounced whole- 
some. There are ten commodious stalls in this 
market, and the floor is of cement with excellent 
drainage to keep it scrupulously clean. 

THE TWIN CITY'S PARKS. 

Winston-Salem has two splendid parks. One 
immediately north of the City limits, known as Fair 
View Park and designed for athletic sports. It 
embraces a large enclosure with a commodious 
grand stand and sufficient area outside to accom- 
modate circuses and the like. This park is located 
at the north terminus of the electric car line. 

F"ive miles southeast from the city is located 
Nissen Park, which is designed for quiet recreation 
and rest. It furnishes beautiful scenery of both the 
works of nature and of art, and just such refined 
entertainment in music and moving pictures is fur- 
nished as attracts and delights a very large number 
of visitors daily. This park is the southern terminus 



of the electric street railway and the ride alone, from 
the city and back, through the main street of old 
Salem, with its many quaint buildings, and over 
rolling hills through spreading oaks is as refreshing 
and invigorating as could be desired. 

BUILDING AND MONUMENTAL STONES CAN BE 
PROCURED AT REASONABLE RATES. 

Within sixty miles north of Winston-Salem, this 
.State, are located inexhaustible gray granite fields, 
and extensive quarries are located at the town of 
Mt. Airy. This granite is sold in immense quantities 
throughout the Northern and Eastern States and 
through the South. The ojjerators of these quarries 
have now a Government contract amounting to 
$125,000. 

Within forty miles of this city on the main line, 
practically, of the Southern Railway to Charlotte are 
found, in immense quantity, a blue pearl granite, the 
density of which is very much greater than that of 
gray granite and it is susceptible of a very high polish. 
This has been pronounced by experts to be the finest 
cjuality of granite found in the United States, and it 
is rare. The quarries are owned and operated by 
McGaUiard & Sons of this city. 

Within six miles of this city are located important 
gray granite quarries owned and operated by J. A. & 
C. E. Bennett of this city. 

NEWSPAPERS AND PERIODICALS. 

The following is a list of the daily, weekly and 
monthly publications of the City: Winston-Salem 
Journal, daily, morning; Twin City Sentinel, daily, 
afternoon; Union Republican, weekly; Globe, weekly; 
Western Sentinel, weekly; The Southern Tobacco 
Journal, weekly; The Wachovia Moravian, monthly; 
The Retail Merchant and Manufacturer, monthly ; The 
Academy, monthly; The Ivy, monthly; Southern 
Home Journal, monthly; Jabs, monthly. There are 
in addition to these several extensive job printing 
establishments, among them being Lew Rudy's Print 
Shop; King's Printing House; Lanier's Printing House; 
Stewart Bros.; Crist & Keehln. 

SUMMARY. 

The yearly output of the manufactured products 
of Winston-Salem approximates $16,000,000. 

The diversified industries of this city employ 
approximately 9,458 people, turning into the chan- 
nels of trade by wages paid to them, approximately, 
$3,250,000 per annum, over $61,000 per week, more 
than $10,000 per day. 

The banks of this city have resources aggregat- 
ing $S-723o86.9S and deposits aggregating $4,371.- 
304 39- 

The freight depots of Winston-Salem are hand- 
ling 252,000 freight cars per annum, transfer and 




VIEW OM L-IBECTXV «NO rOORTM 3X'S 



*3 



POND ABOVE NEW WATER PLANT 








W. T. BROWN'S WHEAT FARM 
24 





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25 




OAKLAND FURNITURE COMPANY 



local, and of these 50,400 cars are local, loaded in 
and out of the city. 

The cash collected for freight charges by the 
railroads at this place approximates $624,000 per 
annum, or $12,000 per week. 

The Post-office receipts for the year ending 
May ist, 1905, were $62,725.70. 

The receipts of the Internal Revenue Depart- 
ment located in this city were for the year ending 
July 1,1905, $1,984,683.17, covering revenue on 
tobacco, cigars and spirits. 

The aggregate volume of business by the 
wholesale and retail merchants of this city closeh- approximates $5,000,000 per annum. 

ADDITIONAL INDUSTRIES. 

Since beginning to collate facts in these pages, plans to build an additional Electric Power Plant have ma- 
tured, and work (m the same is in progress; orders for the machinery have been placed and in a few months 
from fifteen hundred to two thousand ad- 
ditional electrical horse-power will be 
added to that already being generated. 

Also an industry to be known as the 
Pioneer Manufacturing Company, for the 

manufacture of ladies' muslin, wool and silk ■5iMHIJP^..>'i» ■ ^^B^Tr^f^WiWI^^fcj; .f-;^ 

imderwear, and representing a capital stock 
of $50,000. This industry is practically in 
operation now (August 15). 

OPPORTUNITIES. 

There can scarcely be found in the 
South a better location for the planting of 
industrial enterprises than in Winston- 
Salem. The geographical location of this 
city is all that could be desired to reach 
both Northern and Southern markets ; every 
industry now in operation in this city is 
prospering; there is an abundance of capi- 
tal and enterprise among the business men of Winston-Salem to aid in the establishment of any enterprise 
manufacturing articles of commercial value. 

A warm, substantial welcome will meet all who come with their minds made up to add their wealth or their 
industry to the future development of Winston-Salem. 

DIRECTORS OF THE BOARD OF TRADE. 

W. T. Brown, President; R. W. Gorrell, Vice-Presi- 
dent; J. E. Alexander, J. C. Buxton, H. E. Fries, O. B. 
Eaton, Clement Manley, J. K. Norfleet, E. W. O'Hanlon, 
W. N. Reynolds, C. A. Reynolds, J. M. Rogers, H. F. 
Shaffncr. 




SHAMROCK HOSIERY MILLS CO. 




'.ENSTEIN'S PLUMBING hSTABLiSHMENT 




26 



TWIN CITY HOSPITAL 



